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___ Syria (سورية)Syria was the site of various early civilizations, most notably that of the Phoenicians. Falling successively within the empires of Persia, Macedon, and Rome, it became a center of Islamic power and civilization from the 7th century and a province of the Ottoman Empire in 1516.After the Turkish defeat in World War I, Syria was mandated to France and became independent with the ejection of Vichy troops by the Allies in 1941. From 1958 to 1961, Syria was united with Egypt as the United Arab Republic. It lost the Golan Heights to Israel in the 1967 war. President of the Syrian Arab Republic is Bashar al-Assad, he is also Regional Secretary of the Ba'ath Party. Bashar al-Assad became president after the death of his father Hafez al-Assad, who held office from 1970 until his death in 2000. | |
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Syrian Arab Republic | Suriyah |
Country Profile |
 Flag of Syria Background: Following the breakup of the Ottoman Empire during World War I, Syria was administered by the French until independence in 1946. In the 1967 Arab-Israeli War, Syria lost the Golan Heights to Israel. Since 1976, Syrian troops have been stationed in Lebanon, ostensibly in a peacekeeping capacity. In recent years, Syria and Israel have held occasional peace talks over the return of the Golan Heights. (Source: CIA - The World Factbook) Syria is a member state of the League of Arab States border countries: Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Turkey related countries: Egypt, France, Palestine, Saudi Arabia |
 Official Name: Al Jumhuriyah al Arabiyah as Suriyah local short form: Suriyah, Arabic: سورية Sūriyya int'l long form: Syrian Arab Republic int'l short form: Syria formerly: United Arab Republic (with Egypt) ISO Country Code: sy Actual Time: Thu-June-20 11:01 Local Time = UTC +2h Summer (DST) April - October (UTC +3) Country Calling Code: +963 Capital City: Damascus (Dimashq) Other Cities: Aleppo (4.2 million), Homs (1.6 million), Hama (1.6 million), Lattakia (1 million) Government: Type: Republic, under Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party regimes since March 1963. Independence: 17 April 1946. Constitution: 12 March 1973. Geography: Location:Middle East, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Lebanon and Turkey Area: 185,180 km² (71,504 sq. mi.), including 1 295 sq. km. of Israeli-occupied territory Terrain: Narrow coastal plain with a double mountain belt in the west; large, semiarid and desert plateau to the east. Climate: Mostly desert; hot, dry, sunny summers (June to August) and mild, rainy winters (December to February) along coast. People: Nationality: Syrian(s) Population: 21.5 million GNI per capita PPP: $ 3 871 (year) Major ethnic groups: Arabs (90%), Kurds (9%), Armenians, Circassians, Turkomans Religions: Sunni Muslims (74%), Alawis (12%), Christians (10%), Druze (3%), and small numbers of other Muslim sects, Jews, and Yazidis Languages: Arabic (official), English and French (widely understood), Kurdish, Armenian, Aramaic, Circassian Literacy: 78% male, 51% female. Natural resources: Petroleum, phosphates, chrome and manganese ores, asphalt, iron ore, rock salt, marble, gypsum, hydropower. Agriculture products: Wheat, barley, cotton, lentils, chickpeas, olives, sugar beets; beef, mutton, eggs, poultry, milk. Industries: Petroleum, textiles, food processing, beverages, tobacco, phosphate rock mining. Currency: Syrian Pound (SYP) Syria in FiguresSyria key statistical data. |
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| Note: External links will open in a new browser window. Official Sites of SyriaSyrian ParliamentOfficial website of Syria's Parliament (in Arabic). Syria Ministry of Tourism Official site with general information on Syria. Diplomatic Missions Syrian Embassy in the US Syrian Embassy in Washington D.C., USA. Syrian Embassy in Oman Syrian Embassy in Muscat, Oman Syrian Embassy - Belgium Syrian Embassy-London Syrian Embassy Canada Statistics Central Bureau of Statistics National Statistical Office of Syrian Arab Republic. Syria in FiguresSyria key statistical data. Maps Map
of SyriaPolitical Map of Syria. Topographic Map
of SyriaShaded relief map showing Syria's topographic features.  Google
Earth SyriaSearchable map/satellite view of Syria. Google
Earth DamascusSearchable map/satellite view of Syria's capital city. Map of Northern Africa and the Middle EastPolitical Map of of North Africa, the Arabian Peninsula and the Middle East. Map of Western AsiaMap of Western Asia and the Middle East region. |
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Syria NewsAl BaathSyrian Newspaper (in Arabic) Al-Thawra Government-owned daily Champress A private news agency with news in Arabic and English. SANA Syrian Arab News Agency. Syria Today Monthly magazine. Tishreen A government-owned daily (in Arabic). |
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Business & EconomyMinistry of Economy and Foreign TradeOfficial website of the ministry. Federation of the Syrian Chambers of Commerce Federation comprising 14 Chambers of Commerce and Industry in Syria. Syrian Enterprise & Business Centre (SEBC) Syrian-European Business Center. Central Bank of Syria Official website of Central Bank of Syria. __Transportation Airline Syrian Air Syrian Arab Airlines are operating as Syrian Air, it is the flag carrier airline of Syria. |
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Country GuidesSyria Ministry of TourismGeneral Information on Syria, the official travel and tourism guide. Café Syria A comprehensive country guide to Syria. Oldamascus.com A guide to Damascus one of the oldest city in the world. UR_Tours A travel & tourism agency offers Syria tourist information. Weblog of a Syrian Diplomat in America The journal of Imad Moustapha, Syria's envoy to the US. Hotels Hotels in Syria Find a Hotel in Syria. |
Travel and Tour Consumer Information |
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EducationAleppo UniversityUniversity of Aleppo is a public university located in Aleppo, second largest city in Syria. It is the second largest university in Syria after the University of Damascus (university website in Arabic). Damascus University Information on the largest and oldest University in Syria, established in 1903, it has campuses in several other Syrian cities. The University consists of several faculties, higher institutes, intermediate institutes and a Faculty of Dentistry. There is an institution specialized in teaching the Arabic language to foreigners, which is the largest institution of its kind in the Arab world. |
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EnvironmentModernisation Programme for the Syrian Water Sector - GIZThe primary objective of the Syrian-German water programme is to support the institutions of the water sector in their endeavour to improve the organizational and institutional framework conditions in order to achieve a sustainable and fair coverage of water demand for the various user groups. |
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History Syria's HistoryOutline of Syria's History, from the time of Greater Syria until Syria today. Syrian History A Syrian website documenting the recent history of Syria, from 1900 to 2000, by Sami Moubayed. History of Syria Wikipedia: History of Syria. |
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SearchKacMacSyrian Search Engine. Souria.com Syria On The Internet, a Syria related index. Syria Online Another Syria portal. Additional Information on SyriaBBC News Country Profile: SyriaLibrary of Congress: SYRIA - A Country Study Open Directory Project: Syria Wikipedia: Syria The World Factbook -- Syria |
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