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 Halong Bay (An Bang), in the Gulf of Tonkin in northeast Vietnam, is known for its about 1,600 towering limestone islands and islets, most of the islands are uninhabited and unaffected by a human presence, it is a UNESCO World Heritage Site  . Image: kk nationsonline.org |
 Location map of Vietnam Vietnam borders China in north, Laos and Cambodia in west. The nation is bordering the South China Sea in east, and the Gulf of Tonkin with the island of Hainan Dao (China) in north-east. The country shares maritime borders with Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, and Thailand. With an area of 331,689 km² Vietnam is about three times the size of Bulgaria or slightly larger than the U.S. state of New Mexico. Vietnam has a population of 105.7 million people (in 2024), it is the 16th most populous country in the world. Capital city of Vietnam is Hanoi (Ha Noi), former capital of the Republic of Vietnam and largest city is Ho Chi Minh City (also known as Saigon). Spoken language is Vietnamese, English is increasingly favored as a second language, and there are still people speak some French. Vietnam is a multi-ethnic, multi-cultural and multi-religious country. The majority of people believe in and practice traditional/folk spiritual beliefs. [1] 
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Socialist Republic of Vietnam | Viet Nam |
Country Profile |
Background: France occupied all of Vietnam by 1884. Independence was declared after World War II, but the French continued to rule until 1954 when they were defeated by communist forces under Ho Chi MINH, who took control of the north. US economic and military aid to South Vietnam grew through the 1960s in an attempt to bolster the government, but US armed forces were withdrawn following a cease-fire agreement in 1973. Two years later North Vietnamese forces overran the south. Economic reconstruction of the reunited country has proven difficult as aging Communist Party leaders have only grudgingly initiated reforms necessary for a free market. The shift away from a centrally planned economy to a more market-oriented economic model has slowly improved the quality of life for many Vietnamese. |
Official Name: Cộng hòa xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam short form: Việt Nam int'l long form: Socialist Republic of Vietnam int'l short form: Vietnam ISO Country Code: vn, vnm Time: Local Time = UTC +7h Actual Time: Sat-Sept-14 20:18 Country Calling Code: +84 Capital City: Hanoi (Ha Noi) Other Cities: Ho Chi Minh City (formerly Saigon; 5.4 million), Hai Phong (1.8 million), Can Tho (1.1 million), Da Nang (720 000) Government: Type: Communist Party-dominated constitutional republic. Independence: 2 September 1945. New constitution: 15 April 1992. Geography: Location: Southeastern Asia, bordering the Gulf of Tonkin and South China Sea. Area: 332,000 km² (127 243 sq. mi.) Terrain: Varies from mountainous to coastal delta. Climate: Tropical monsoon People: Nationality: Vietnamese Population: 105.7 million (in 2024) Real GDP per capita: $13,700 (2023 est.) Ethnic Groups: Vietnam is a multi-nationality country with 54 ethnic groups. Viet (Kinh) (87%), Chinese (3%), Tay, Thai, Muong, Hoa, Khmer, Nung, other mountain people. Religions: Buddhism, Hoa Hao, Cao Dai, Christian, animism, Islam. Languages: Vietnamese (official), English (increasingly favored as a second language), some French, Chinese, and Khmer, mountain area languages. Literacy: 91% Natural resources: Phosphates, coal, manganese, bauxite, chromate, offshore oil and gas deposits, forests, hydropower. Agriculture products: Paddy rice, coffee, fish and seafood, rubber, cotton, tea, pepper, soybeans, cashews, sugar cane, peanuts, bananas, poultry. Industries: Food processing, garments, shoes, machine-building, mining, cement, chemical fertilizer, glass, tires, oil, coal, steel, paper. Exports - commodities: clothes, shoes, electronics, seafood, crude oil, rice, coffee, wooden products, machinery Exports - partners: US 29%, China 15%, South Korea 6%, Japan 6%, Hong Kong 3% (2022) Imports - commodities: machinery and equipment, petroleum products, steel products, raw materials for the clothing and shoe industries, electronics, plastics, automobiles Imports - partners: China 38%, South Korea 17%, Japan 5%, Taiwan 4%, Thailand 4% (2022) Currency: Dong (VND) Vietnam in numbersViet Nam keys tatistical data. |
 Vietnam's National Assembly in Hanoi, seat of the National Assembly, the highest government organization and the highest-level representative body of Vietnam. Image: Phan Minh Tuấn Political System The Socialist Republic of Vietnam is a one-party Communist state. The Communist Party of Vietnam plays the central role in politics and society. Head of state, nominal commander of the armed forces and chairman of the Council of National Defense and Security is the President. Head of government is the Prime Minister, he is appointed by the president. In recent years Vietnam's National Assembly has become gradually more active and influential in Vietnam's political life. Official Sites of Viet NamNote: External links will open in a new browser window.The National Assembly of Socialist Republic of Vietnam Official site of the National Assembly in Vietnamese. Ministry of Foreign Affairs MOFA Vietnam Diplomatic Missions Permanent Mission of the S.R of Vietnam to the United Nations Vietnam's representation to the UN. Embassy of Vietnam in the U.S. The Embassy in Washington D.C. Vietnamese Embassies & Consulates Abroad Address list of Vietnamese Diplomatic Missions. Foreign Embassies and Consulates General in Vietnam Address list of Foreign Diplomatic Missions in Vietnam. Visa and Customs Visa and Customs procedures in Vietnam. Maps Map of VietnamPolitical Map of Vietnam. Region Map of VietnamBig Vietnam map showing regions, region boundaries, major cities, main roads, railroads and major airports.  Google
Earth HanoiSearchable map and satellite view of Vietnam's capital city. Google
Earth Ho Chi Minh City (Saigon)Searchable map and satellite view of Vietnam's largest city. Map
of Southeast AsiaMap of the Southeast Asia region. Map of AsiaReference Map of Asia.  Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum, the large memorial to the Vietnamese leader in Hanoi's Ba Ðình Square. Image: KK Nations Online Project |
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| Vietnam News The media is regulated by the Communist Party, it controls the press and broadcasting, journalists risk sanctions for addressing sensitive topics and for criticising the government. Bloggers and citizen-journalists are the targets of extremely harsh forms of persecution including police violence. “Decree No. 72” restricts Internet use to “personal information” while “abusing democratic freedoms” is punishable by imprisonment under the criminal code. (Sources: BBC and Reporters without borders) Ha Noi Moi Hanoi Daily News (Vietnamese) Nhân Dân Central Organ of the Communist Party of Vietnam. Saigon Times Saigon Times Weekly - Vietnam this week. Vietnam News Agency (VNA) The official news service of the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam covers local and international news. Vietnam News National English Daily by VNA. VOV News Voice of Vietnam (Vietnamese / English) International News Sources BBC News Country Profile: Vietnam Vietnam related news and background information. Human Rights Amnesty International: Vietnam Amnesty International Reports. Human Rights Watch: Vietnam Background Briefings. Press freedom Reporters sans frontières - Vietnam Reporters without borders about Press freedom in the country. |
 Vietnam Newspapers and magazines. Image: kk Nations Online Project |
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Arts & Culture Ha Noi Opera House, one of the architectural landmarks of Hanoi, was constructed by the French colonial administration between 1901 and 1911. Image: kk Nations Online Project Official site of the National Opera. Thang Long Water Puppetry Theatre Hanoi Vietnam water puppetry performances. Tieng Hat Que Huong Performance group devoted to preserve, develop and promote Vietnamese Traditional Music. Vietnam Art Books The Vietnamese art scene. VietTouch.com Site with comprehensive information on Vietnemese culture. |
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Business & EconomyState Bank of Vietnam Central Bank of Vietnam. Incombank Industrial and Commercial Bank of Vietnam, a state-owned commercial bank. Vietcombank The Bank for Foreign Trade of Vietnam. Vietbig Vietnam Yellow Pages - Business directory Transportation Airline VietNam Airlines Serves Indochina and Asia regions. |
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Destination Viet Nam - Travel and Tour Guides Street scene Hanoi. Image: © kk nationsonline.org Accommodation, hotels, attractions, festivals, events, tourist boards, biking, skiing, hiking, climbing, cruising, diving, tours and much more. Vietnamtourism  The Hien Nhon gate, one of the four gates of the Forbidden City in Hue. Image: © kk nationsonline.org Vietnam - Useful Information Comprehensive country information for Vietnam visitors. Bach Ma National Park The site of Bach Ma National Park in central Vietnam. Living in Vietnam Expat life in Vietnam, an insight guide to the country. Vietnam Online Website promoting Vietnam tourism, trade, and investment. Hanoi The New Hanoian Hanoi's Community Produced Local Expat Guide. Tour Operators Asianventure Tours Tour Operator specializing in Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Thailand and Myanmar. iViVu An Online Vietnam Travel Services and Hotel Reservation System. Threeland Travel Provides useful information and descrtiptions of destinations in Vietnam, has travel tips, advises about tours and travel in Vietnam. Lonely Planet Lonely Planet's guide to Vietnam. UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Vietnam  Ha Long Bay includes some 1,600 islands and islets, most of which are uninhabitated and mostly unaffected by humans, they form a really spectacular seascape of limestone pillars within the Gulf of Tonkin in northeast of Vietnam. Complex of Hué Monuments Hue at the Pearl River was the former capital of unified Vietnam, the city was not only the political, cultural and religious center under the Nguyen dynasty until 1945. The Complex is located in and around Hue City in Thua Thien-Hue Province in central Vietnam. My Son, the largest collection of Cham ruins, the Hindu temple complex south of Hue was constructed between the 4th and the 14th century AD by the kings of Champa. Image: © nationsonline.org Hoi An Ancient Town Hoi An is located on the north bank of the Thu Bon River in Viet Nam’s central Quang Nam Province, its Ancient Town is an exceptionally well-preserved example of a South-East Asian trading port dating from the 15th to the 19th century. Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park protects one of the world's two largest karst regions with 300 caves and grottoes and also protects the ecosystem of limestone forest of the Annamite Range region in North Central Coast of Vietnam. My Son Sanctuary Jungle Temples and Sanctuary, a complex of ruins of tower-temples of the religious and political capital of the Champa Kingdom, located 40 km west of Hoi An in the mountainous area of Quang Nam Province, in central Vietnam. Trang An Landscape Complex Trang An is a scenic area near Ninh Bình, a spectacular landscape of limestone karst peaks near the Red River Delta. |
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 Schoolchildren in Hanoi. Image: kk Nations Online Project EducationHanoi University of Technology (HUT) Official site of the University. National University of Ho Chi Minh City The Vietnam National University comprises several universities and faculties in Ho Chi Minh City, founded in 1995. University of Technology Hochiminh City Official site of HUTECH with all the university information. |
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Environment - Environmental organizations Viet NamNEA (Vietnam Environment Protection Agency) Vietnamese state organization for environment protection. Cuu Long Delta Environmental projects for rural water supply and sanitation and water resources management in the Cuu Long Delta (Mekong). The project was completed in January 2008. Endangered Primate Rescue Center The EPRC based at Cuc Phuong National Park is dedicated to the rescue, rehabilitation, breeding, research and conservation of the endangered primates of Vietnam. Protected areas and development in the Lower Mekong River region Examining approaches for integrating protected area management with socio-economic planning and development in Cambodia, Lao PDR, Thailand and Vietnam. |
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HistoryArchive of Vietnamese Boat People Story and history of Vietnamese refugees. Orange Agent - Enduring Pain Vietnamese site about Agent Orange victims. Diên Biên Phú Dien Bien Phu - 1953-54: a description of the Battle. The Vietnam War Internet Project Information and documents about the various Indochina Wars. Vietnam War The Vietnam War was part of the Indochina Wars and the Cold War. Wikipedia pages on the Viet Nam War, offers students an opportunity to examine the history of the war and find sources, including numerous official documents. |
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Other Countries in Southeast Asia: Brunei | Cambodia | East Timor | Indonesia | Laos | Malaysia | Myanmar | Philippines | Singapore | Thailand Major Cities in Eastern Asia: Beijing, Busan, Chongqing, Guangzhou, Hanoi, Hong Kong, Kobe, Kyoto, Kunming, Lhasa, Macao, Nagoya, Osaka, Pyongyang, Saigon, Seoul, Shanghai, Shenzhen, Taipei, Tianjin, Tokyo, Ulaanbaatar, Yokohama |
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