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___ Azerbaijan |
 A view of the skyline of the country's capital Baku at Baku bay, Azerbaijan. Image: AlixSaz |
 Location map of Azerbaijan Historically, the name Azerbaijan refers to a larger region that formed part of Persia (Iran). Azerbaijan is bordered by the Caspian Sea in east, by Iran in south, by Armenia in west, and Georgia and Russia in the north. The Azeri autonomous republic of Nakhchivan forms an enclave within the Republic of Armenia, in a narrow part in west it borders Turkey. Its highest mountain is Bazarduzu Dagi with 4,485 m. With an area of 86,600 km² the country is slightly larger than Austria or slightly smaller than the U.S. state of Maine. Azerbaijan has a population of 9.7 million people (in 2016). Main religion is Islam, Azerbaijan is one of the few countries with a majority Shiite population. Capital and largest city is Baku. Spoken languages are Azeri 90% (official), Russian 2%. Read on and get an overview of Azerbaijan's art, culture, people, environment, geography, history, economy and government. |
Republic of Azerbaijan | Azarbaycan Respublikasi |
Country Profile |
Background: The Azerbaijan Democratic Republic was established in 1918, it was the first democratic and secular republic in the Muslim world, but was incorporated into the Soviet Union only two years later. The country regained independence in 1991 following the collapse of the Soviet Union. Azerbaijan is one of the six modern independent Turkic states. 95% of its population are Muslims, 85% are Shia Muslims and 15% Sunni Muslims, making Azerbaijan the country with the second highest Shia population percentage in the world after Iran. Despite a 1994 cease-fire, Azerbaijan has yet to resolve its conflict with Armenia over Nagorno-Karabakh, a primarily Armenian-populated region that Russia recognized as part of Soviet Azerbaijan in the 1920s after Armenia and Azerbaijan disputed the status of the territory. Corruption in Azerbaijan is ubiquitous, and the government, which eliminated presidential term limits in a 2009 referendum, has been accused of authoritarianism. |
Official Name: Azarbaycan Respublikasi short form: Azarbaycan int'l long form: Republic of Azerbaijan int'l short form: Azerbaijan ISO Country Code: az Time: Local Time = UTC +4h (DST in Summer +5h) Actual Time: Mon-Dec-9 18:36 Country Calling Code: +994 Capital City: Baku Other Cities: Ali Bayramli, Baki, Ganca, Lankaran, Mingacevir, Naftalan, Saki, Sumqayit, Susa, Xankandi, Yevlax. Government: Type: Republic. Constitution: Approved in November 1995 referendum. Independence: 30 August 1991 (from Soviet Union). Geography: Location: South Caucasus; bordered by Russia to the north, the Caspian Sea to the east, Iran to the south, and Georgia and Armenia to the west. Area: 86,600 km² (33 774 sq. mi.); includes Nakhchivan and Nagorno-Karabakh. Terrain: Caucasus Mountains to the north, lowland in the central area through which the Kura River flows. Climate: Dry, subtropical with hot summers and mild winters; forests, meadows, and alpine tundra in the mountains. People: Nationality: Azerbaijani, Azeri. Population: 9.7 million (in 2016) Ethnic groups: Azeri 90.6%, Dagestani 2.2%, Russian 1.8%, Armenian 1.5%, other 3.9%. Note: the separatist Nagorno-Karabakh region is populated almost entirely by Armenians. Religion: Muslim 93.4% (majority Shi'a), Russian Orthodox 2.5%, Armenian Orthodox Church 2.3%, and other 1.8%. Languages: Azerbaijani 89%, Russian 3%, Armenian 2%, and other 6%. Literacy: 97%. Natural resources: Petroleum, natural gas, iron ore, nonferrous metals, alumina. Agriculture products: Cotton, tobacco, grain, rice, grapes, fruit, vegetables, tea, cattle, pigs, sheep, goats. Industries: Petroleum and natural gas, petroleum products, oilfield equipment; steel, iron ore; cement; chemicals and petrochemicals; textiles. Exports partners: Italy 26.3%, Germany 13.3%, Indonesia 7%, France 6.9%, Czech Republic 6% (2015) Imports - commodities: machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, metals, chemicals Imports partners: Russia 19.9%, Turkey 16.5%, UK 8.6%, Germany 6.6%, Italy 6.3%, US 4.1% (2015) Currency: Azerbaijan Manat; beginning January 2006, 1 new Manat (AZN) = 5000 old Manats (AZM). Azerbaijan in FiguresAzerbaijan key statistical data. |
Political systemAccording to the 1995 Constitution, Azerbaijan is a republic with a presidential government system. But the political system of Azerbaijan has been characterized since 1992 by the authoritarian leadership of Azerbaijan's presidents and undermined by corruption. Transparency International ranks Azerbaijan as one of many low-scoring countries in the region (#119 out of 167, where the least corrupt country ranks #1). Azerbaijan’s political rights rating at Freedom House declined from 6 to 7 due to an intensified crackdown on criticism and dissent; widespread violations in connection with the November 2015 parliamentary elections; and serious violations of the right to a fair trial.Note: External links will open in a new browser window. Official Sites of AzerbaijanPresident of the Republic of Azerbaijan The Office of President of the Republic of Azerbaijan, with a portrait of the president and information about Azerbaijan. National Assembly of Azerbaijan Azerbaijan's parliament. Ministry of Foreign Affairs Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Azerbaijan. National Information Communication Technologies Strategy Project Azerbaijan's e-government project. Diplomatic Missions Permanent Mission of the Republic of Azerbaijan to the UN Azerbaijan's mission to the United Nations. Embassy of the Republic of Azerbaijan Washington D.C. Diplomatic Missions of Azerbaijan List of diplomatic missions of Azerbaijan abroad and Diplomatic Missions accredited in Azerbaijan. Statistics State Statistical Committee of Azerbaijan Republic Azerbaijan in figures. Maps Map of AzerbaijanPolitical map of Azerbaijan.  Google
Earth AzerbaijanSearchable map and satellite view of Azerbaijan. Google
Earth Baku Searchable map and satellite view of Azerbaijan's capital city. Map of the Caspian SeaMap of the Caspian Sea Region. Caucasus and Central Asia MapMap of Central Asia and the Caucasus region. Map of Western AsiaMap of Western Asia and the Middle East region. Map of AsiaReference Map of Asia. |
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NewsReporters Without Borders ranks Azerbaijan 163 out of the 180 countries included in the 2016 World Press Freedom Index  . BBC states that Azerbaijan's impressive economic performance over the past two decades has not been matched by the development of free media. Mainstream media offer little scope for rigorous reporting of government activity or debate about policy. Azertac State information agency, official news from Azerbaijanian government. Azerbaijan State-owned Azerbaijan news (in Azeri). News.Az English language news from Azerbaijan. 525-ci Qəzet Azerbaijan news (in Azeri). |
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Arts & CultureAZ Art Gallery Contemporary Art and Artists in Azerbaijan. KVN - The Rah-rah and Quick-witted Club (Klub Veselykh i Nakhodchivykh) Comic and jocular performance. Museums Baku Museum of Modern Art Azerbaijan's modern art museum in Baku with the 'collection of the best works of painting and sculpture of Azerbaijan avant-guardists from 2nd half of the 20th century up to now.' Museum Center of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism Cultural center of the Azerbaijan Republic in Baku. National Museum of the Azerbaijan History Azerbaijan's largest museum is housed in an Italian Renaissance-style mansion in Baku. Nizami Museum of Azerbaijani Literature The National museum of Azerbaijan literature. |
 Miniature painting of the battle between Shah Ismail I of Iran and Farrukh Yassar the Shirvanshah ocurred in December 1500. Ismail defeated the Shirvanshah and Farrukh Yassar died in the battle. |
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Business & EconomyAzerbaijan's high economic growth has been attributable to large and growing oil and gas exports, but some non-export sectors also featured double-digit growth, including construction, banking, and real estate. Oil exports through the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan Pipeline, the Baku-Novorossiysk, and the Baku-Supsa pipelines remain the main economic driver, efforts to boost Azerbaijan's gas production are underway.National Bank of Azerbaijan Azerbaijan's central bank. United States - Azerbaijan Chamber of Commerce The site provides also information about Azerbaijan. Transportation Azerbaijan Airlines AZAL, the Baku based National Air Company. Azerbaijan Railways Azerbaijan Railways is one of the successors of the Soviet Railways, it is headquartered in Baku. (in Azeri and Russian) |
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 Contrasting architecture in the city of Baku, in background the 'Flame Towers', the tallest skyscrapers in Azerbaijan. The Flame Towers (symbolizing the city's Coat of Arms) are completely covered with the LED screens that display the movement of a fire visible from the farthest points of the city. Image: Suleyman Nabiev Travel and Tour Consumer Information
Destination Azerbaijan - Travel and Tour GuidesDiscover Azerbaijan: accommodation, hotels, attractions, festivals, events, tourist boards, biking, skiing, hiking, climbing, cruising, diving, tours and much more. Visit Azerbaijan Azerbaijan's official tourism portal. Azerbaijan International Magazine An independent magazine with issues related to Azerbaijanis around the world. A to Z of Azerbaijan Encyclopaedic index of Azerbaijan related information. Cities: Baku Official website of the city. Ganja Site about the city of Ganja.  Candy Cane Mountains, shale mountains in Khizi Rayon and Siyazan Rayon districts. Image: David Davidson |
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EducationAzerbaijan Academy of Sciences Official website of with information about the academy. Baku State University Azerbaijan's "number one" university. Khazar University Khazar University is a leading academic institution of Azerbaijan, established in 1991. Western University Western University is one of the leading universities in the country, a private, non-profit officially recognized educational institution, founded in 1991 at Baku. |
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Environment & NatureGeology Institute of Azerbaijan (GIA) GIA is a leading organizations in the fields of Azerbaijan geology study and development of new fundamental trends in geoscience. Caspian Sea Environment Programme The CEP's mission is to assist the Caspian littoral states to achieve the goal of environmentally sustainable development and management of the Caspian environment for the sake of long-term benefit for the Caspian inhabitants. Environmental movement in Azerbaijan Site with comprehensive information about the main environmental problems of Azerbaijan. RUZGAR The NGO aims to carry out public monitoring of ecological situation, organize civic activities for protection and improvement of environment and ecological education of the country population. |
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HistoryAzerbaijan History History of Azerbaijan by the Azerbaijan Ministry of Foreign Affairs. History of Baku and Azerbaijan History of Baku from ancient times to present days. Karabakh Conflict Background information on the Armenia-Azerbaijan conflict. |
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SearchAzerbaijan Online An Azerbaijan portal site. Azerbaijan Search Azerbaijan search engine (Russian/English) Sources and additional Information about AzerbaijanAmnesty International: Azerbaijan The Heritage Foundation: Azerbaijan |
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Turkic States: Azerbaijan | Kazakhstan | Kyrgyzstan | Tajikistan | Turkey | Turkmenistan | Uzbekistan Other countries in the Caucasus and Central Asia: Armenia | Georgia Major Cities in Central Asia: Almaty, Ashgabat, Astana, Baku, Bishkek, Dushanbe, Tashkent, T'bilisi, Tehran, Yerevan |
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