| Economic indicators |
| GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$) |
2008 |
154668 |
|
| GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$) |
2005 |
110196 |
|
| GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$) |
2000 |
47886 |
|
| GDP: Growth rate at constant 1990 prices (annual %) |
2008 |
0.6 |
|
| GDP: Growth rate at constant 1990 prices (annual %) |
2005 |
3.9 |
|
| GDP: Growth rate at constant 1990 prices (annual %) |
2000 |
5.1 |
|
| GDP per capita (current US$) |
2008 |
15448.0 |
|
| GDP per capita (current US$) |
2005 |
10925.2 |
|
| GDP per capita (current US$) |
2000 |
4688.1 |
|
| GNI: Gross national income per capita (current US$) |
2008 |
14386.5 |
|
| GNI: Gross national income per capita (current US$) |
2005 |
10329.5 |
|
| GNI: Gross national income per capita (current US$) |
2000 |
4476.3 |
|
| Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) |
2008 |
20.1 |
|
| Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) |
2005 |
22.9 |
|
| Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) |
2000 |
23.0 |
|
| Exchange rates (national currency per US$) |
2008 |
187.91 |
Official rate. |
| Exchange rates (national currency per US$) |
2005 |
213.58 |
Official rate. |
| Exchange rates (national currency per US$) |
2000 |
284.73 |
Official rate. |
| Balance of payments, current account (million US$) |
2008 |
–13448 |
|
| Balance of payments, current account (million US$) |
2005 |
–8261 |
|
| Balance of payments, current account (million US$) |
2000 |
–4004 |
|
| CPI: Consumer price index (2000=100) |
2008 |
158 |
|
| CPI: Consumer price index (2000=100) |
2005 |
133 |
|
| CPI: Consumer price index (2000=100) |
2000 |
100 |
|
| Industrial production index (2005=100) |
2008 |
119 |
|
| Industrial production index (2005=100) |
2005 |
100 |
|
| Industrial production index (2005=100) |
2000 |
78 |
2001. |
| Agricultural production index (1999-2001=100) |
2008 |
95 |
2007. |
| Agricultural production index (1999-2001=100) |
2005 |
102 |
|
| Agricultural production index (1999-2001=100) |
2000 |
93 |
|
| Food production index (1999-2001=100) |
2008 |
95 |
2007. |
| Food production index (1999-2001=100) |
2005 |
102 |
|
| Food production index (1999-2001=100) |
2000 |
93 |
|
| Unemployment (% of labour force) |
2008 |
7.8 |
Age group 15 to 74 years. |
| Unemployment (% of labour force) |
2005 |
7.2 |
Age group 15 to 74 years. |
| Unemployment (% of labour force) |
2000 |
6.4 |
Age group 15 to 74 years. |
| Employment in industrial sector (% of employed) |
2008 |
32.1 |
|
| Employment in industrial sector (% of employed) |
2005 |
32.4 |
Age group 15 to 74 years. Excludes conscripts. |
| Employment in industrial sector (% of employed) |
2000 |
33.7 |
Age group 15 to 74 years. Excludes conscripts. |
| Employment in agricultural sector (% of employed) |
2008 |
4.5 |
|
| Employment in agricultural sector (% of employed) |
2005 |
5.0 |
Age group 15 to 74 years. Excludes conscripts. |
| Employment in agricultural sector (% of employed) |
2000 |
6.5 |
Age group 15 to 74 years. Excludes conscripts. |
| Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) |
2008 |
41.2 |
|
| Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) |
2005 |
41.0 |
|
| Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) |
2000 |
40.0 |
|
| Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) |
2008 |
57.4 |
|
| Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) |
2005 |
57.2 |
|
| Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) |
2000 |
57.2 |
|
| Tourist arrivals at national borders (000) |
2008 |
8814 |
|
| Tourist arrivals at national borders (000) |
2005 |
9979 |
|
| Tourist arrivals at national borders (000) |
2000 |
2992 |
Arrivals of non-resident tourists in all types of accommodation establishments. |
| Energy production, primary (000 MT oil equivalent) |
2008 |
6838 |
2007. |
| Energy production, primary (000 MT oil equivalent) |
2005 |
7336 |
|
| Energy production, primary (000 MT oil equivalent) |
2000 |
8589 |
|
| Telephone subscribers, total (per 100 inhabitants) |
2008 |
153.0 |
|
| Telephone subscribers, total (per 100 inhabitants) |
2005 |
126.4 |
|
| Telephone subscribers, total (per 100 inhabitants) |
2000 |
67.3 |
|
| Internet users (per 100 inhabitants) |
2008 |
54.9 |
|
| Internet users (per 100 inhabitants) |
2005 |
37.1 |
|
| Internet users (per 100 inhabitants) |
2000 |
7.0 |
|
| Exports (million US$) |
2008 |
108211.2 |
|
| Imports (million US$) |
2008 |
108784.7 |
|
| Major trading partners (% of exports) |
2008 |
Germany (26.7), Italy (5.3), Romania (5.3) |
|
| Major trading partners (% of imports) |
2008 |
Germany (25.5), Russian Federation (9.3), Austria (6.2) |
|
| Social indicators |
| Population growth rate (avg. annual %) |
2005-2010 |
–0.2 |
|
| Urban population growth rate (avg. annual %) |
2005-2010 |
0.3 |
|
| Rural population growth rate (avg. annual %) |
2005-2010 |
–1.5 |
|
| Urban population (%) |
2007 |
67.1 |
|
| Population aged 0-14 years (%) |
2009 |
14.8 |
|
| Population aged 60+ years (women and men, % of total) |
2009 |
25.9/18.0 |
|
| Sex ratio (men per 100 women) |
2009 |
90.4 |
|
| Life expectancy at birth (women and men, years) |
2005-2010 |
77.4/69.2 |
|
| Infant mortality rate (per 1 000 live births) |
2005-2010 |
6.8 |
|
| Fertility rate, total (live births per woman) |
2005-2010 |
1.4 |
|
| Contraceptive prevalence (ages 15-49, %) |
2006-2009 |
80.6 |
Age group 18 to 41 years. Adjusted. 1992-1993. |
| International migrant stock (000 and % of total population) |
mid-2010 |
368.1/3.7 |
Includes refugees. |
| Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR |
end-2008 |
10512 |
|
| Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP) |
2005-2008 |
5.4 |
|
| Education: Primary-secondary gross enrolment ratio (w/m per 100) |
2005-2008 |
96.5/97.5 |
|
| Education: Female third-level students (% of total) |
2005-2008 |
58.3 |
|
| Deaths by assault (women and men, per 100 000) |
2005-2006 |
1.6/2.2 |
|
| Seats held by women in national parliaments (%) |
2009 |
11.1 |
|
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