| Economic indicators |
| GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$) |
2008 |
23204 |
|
| GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$) |
2005 |
13790 |
|
| GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$) |
2000 |
5628 |
|
| GDP: Growth rate at constant 1990 prices (annual %) |
2008 |
–3.6 |
|
| GDP: Growth rate at constant 1990 prices (annual %) |
2005 |
9.2 |
|
| GDP: Growth rate at constant 1990 prices (annual %) |
2000 |
7.9 |
|
| GDP per capita (current US$) |
2008 |
17298.2 |
|
| GDP per capita (current US$) |
2005 |
10258.0 |
|
| GDP per capita (current US$) |
2000 |
4107.9 |
|
| GNI: Gross national income per capita (current US$) |
2008 |
15945.5 |
|
| GNI: Gross national income per capita (current US$) |
2005 |
9862.0 |
|
| GNI: Gross national income per capita (current US$) |
2000 |
3972.3 |
|
| Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) |
2008 |
28.4 |
|
| Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) |
2005 |
30.7 |
|
| Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) |
2000 |
25.9 |
|
| Exchange rates (national currency per US$) |
2008 |
11.10 |
Official rate. |
| Exchange rates (national currency per US$) |
2005 |
13.22 |
Official rate. |
| Exchange rates (national currency per US$) |
2000 |
16.82 |
Official rate. |
| Balance of payments, current account (million US$) |
2008 |
–2245 |
|
| Balance of payments, current account (million US$) |
2005 |
–1386 |
|
| Balance of payments, current account (million US$) |
2000 |
–299 |
|
| CPI: Consumer price index (2000=100) |
2008 |
146 |
|
| CPI: Consumer price index (2000=100) |
2005 |
119 |
|
| CPI: Consumer price index (2000=100) |
2000 |
100 |
|
| Industrial production index (2005=100) |
2008 |
109 |
|
| Industrial production index (2005=100) |
2005 |
100 |
|
| Industrial production index (2005=100) |
2000 |
68 |
2001. |
| Agricultural production index (1999-2001=100) |
2008 |
112 |
2007. |
| Agricultural production index (1999-2001=100) |
2005 |
105 |
|
| Agricultural production index (1999-2001=100) |
2000 |
103 |
|
| Food production index (1999-2001=100) |
2008 |
111 |
2007. |
| Food production index (1999-2001=100) |
2005 |
105 |
|
| Food production index (1999-2001=100) |
2000 |
103 |
|
| Unemployment (% of labour force) |
2008 |
5.5 |
Age group 15 to 74 years. |
| Unemployment (% of labour force) |
2005 |
7.9 |
Age group 15 to 74 years. |
| Unemployment (% of labour force) |
2000 |
13.6 |
Age group 15 to 74 years. |
| Employment in industrial sector (% of employed) |
2008 |
35.5 |
|
| Employment in industrial sector (% of employed) |
2005 |
34.0 |
Age group 15 to 74 years. Excludes conscripts. |
| Employment in industrial sector (% of employed) |
2000 |
33.3 |
Age group 15 to 74 years. Excludes conscripts. |
| Employment in agricultural sector (% of employed) |
2008 |
3.7 |
|
| Employment in agricultural sector (% of employed) |
2005 |
5.3 |
Age group 15 to 74 years. Excludes conscripts. |
| Employment in agricultural sector (% of employed) |
2000 |
7.2 |
Age group 15 to 74 years. Excludes conscripts. |
| Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) |
2008 |
52.3 |
|
| Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) |
2005 |
52.3 |
|
| Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) |
2000 |
51.3 |
|
| Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) |
2008 |
64.4 |
|
| Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) |
2005 |
64.3 |
|
| Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) |
2000 |
67.2 |
|
| Tourist arrivals at national borders (000) |
2008 |
1970 |
Derived from accommodation statistics and 'Foreign Visitor Survey'. |
| Tourist arrivals at national borders (000) |
2005 |
1917 |
Beginning 2004, border statistics are not collected anymore. |
| Tourist arrivals at national borders (000) |
2000 |
1220 |
|
| Energy production, primary (000 MT oil equivalent) |
2008 |
3847 |
2007. |
| Energy production, primary (000 MT oil equivalent) |
2005 |
3381 |
|
| Energy production, primary (000 MT oil equivalent) |
2000 |
2724 |
|
| Telephone subscribers, total (per 100 inhabitants) |
2008 |
225.3 |
|
| Telephone subscribers, total (per 100 inhabitants) |
2005 |
140.1 |
|
| Telephone subscribers, total (per 100 inhabitants) |
2000 |
78.8 |
|
| Internet users (per 100 inhabitants) |
2008 |
66.2 |
|
| Internet users (per 100 inhabitants) |
2005 |
58.3 |
|
| Internet users (per 100 inhabitants) |
2000 |
28.6 |
|
| Exports (million US$) |
2008 |
13695.6 |
|
| Imports (million US$) |
2008 |
17278.3 |
|
| Major trading partners (% of exports) |
2008 |
Finland (16.7), Russian Federation (15.1), Sweden (12.6) |
|
| Major trading partners (% of imports) |
2008 |
Germany (11.8), Russian Federation (10.1), Finland (9.7) |
|
| Social indicators |
| Population growth rate (avg. annual %) |
2005-2010 |
–0.1 |
|
| Urban population growth rate (avg. annual %) |
2005-2010 |
–0.3 |
|
| Rural population growth rate (avg. annual %) |
2005-2010 |
–0.4 |
|
| Urban population (%) |
2007 |
69.4 |
|
| Population aged 0-14 years (%) |
2009 |
15.1 |
|
| Population aged 60+ years (women and men, % of total) |
2009 |
26.9/17.2 |
|
| Sex ratio (men per 100 women) |
2009 |
85.6 |
|
| Life expectancy at birth (women and men, years) |
2005-2010 |
78.5/67.6 |
|
| Infant mortality rate (per 1 000 live births) |
2005-2010 |
7.7 |
|
| Fertility rate, total (live births per woman) |
2005-2010 |
1.6 |
|
| Contraceptive prevalence (ages 15-49, %) |
2006-2009 |
70.3 |
Age group 20 to 49 years. Sample of sexually active women of reproductive age. 1994. |
| International migrant stock (000 and % of total population) |
mid-2010 |
182.5/13.6 |
|
| Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR |
end-2008 |
110344 |
|
| Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP) |
2005-2008 |
4.9 |
|
| Education: Primary-secondary gross enrolment ratio (w/m per 100) |
2005-2008 |
100.0/99.0 |
|
| Education: Female third-level students (% of total) |
2005-2008 |
61.1 |
|
| Deaths by assault (women and men, per 100 000) |
2005-2006 |
4.3/14.8 |
|
| Seats held by women in national parliaments (%) |
2009 |
20.8 |
|
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