Arabia was under the sphere of influence of the Turkish Empire until the Arab Revolt, 1916 - 1918 (today
Saudi Arabia).
Burma (
Myanmar),
Ceylon (
Sri Lanka) and
India were under the direct rule of the British Crown (Monarchy of the
United Kingdom).
The
Republic of China, was established in 1912, replacing the
Qing Dynasty (today
People's Republic of China).
French Indochina - the French colonial empire in southeast Asia. comprising of a federation of the three
Vietnamese regions,
Tonkin (North), Annam (Central), and Cochinchina (South), as well as
Cambodia, (1887), Luang Prabang (
Laos) was added
in 1893 as a separate administrative unit within French Indochina.
Indonesia is a Dutch colony (Dutch East Indies; 1800–1942).
The
Japanese Empire, (Imperial
Japan 1868 until 1945) on the map the empire is stretching from the Kuril Islands and the
southern part of Sakhalin Island in north down south including the island of Formosa (
Taiwan).
Kaiser-Wilhelmsland, the north-eastern part of the New Guinea mainland is under control of the German colonial empire
from 1884 until 1914, when it was conquered by Australian troops.
The
Korean Empire (Chosen) on the Korean was annexed by the Japanese (today the Korean peninsula is divided
in
Korea North and
Korea South).
The
Federated Malay States a federation of four protected states in the Malay Peninsula—Selangor, Perak, Negeri Sembilan
and Pahang—established by the British government in 1895, which lasted until 1946 (today the Malay Peninsula part of
Malaysia).
Netherlands New Guinea is an overseas territory of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, (today Western New Guinea, part of Indonesia).
Persia (today
Iran), the Persian Empire was in reality divided into a northern (Russian) and southern (British) sphere of
influence under the Anglo-Russian agreement of 1907.
The
Philippines Islands (
The Philippines) were de facto
United States territory.
The
Russian Empire existed from 1721 until the Russian Revolution of 1917 (today the
Russian Federation).
Kingdom of Sarawak (1841-1946) was ruled by the "White Rajahs", a dynasty founded by the British James Brooke,
In 1888 the Kingdom of Sarawak became a British protectorate (today; Sarawak is one of the two states of
Malaysia on Borneo).
Siam,
Thailand's official name was Siam until 23 June 1939,
Singapore (today:
Republic of Singapore), the former trading post of British East India Company, since 1867 British crown colony,
has become one of the most important commercial and military centers of the British Empire in Southeast Asia.
Turkestan, ("Land of the Turks") a region in Central Asia largely inhabited by Turkic peoples like the Oghuz Turks (Turkmens),
Uzbeks, Kazakhs, Khazars, Kyrgyz and Uyghurs are some of the inhabitants. Not to be confused with the
Turkish Empire with its capital Constantinople (today
Istanbul) - the formerly the preeminent power in southeastern Europe and
the eastern Mediterranean. The imperial monarchy of the Ottoman Empire lasted from 1299 until 1922, succeeded by
the
Republic of Turkey in 1923.